腹壁可触及肿物的超音波鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他发炎.. Urachal Cyst 胃尿管息肉A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )胃尿管息肉见于胃和小肠之间，有时候座落胃尿管的下1/3 ，但也可见于仅座落胃下。这些息肉可发挥为只不过无；也或低；也。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 所示11A，胃尿管息肉，此息肉已受感染，内部内含微弱；也的容器。B，胃尿管息肉，紧绷的息肉前壁造成反射伪影。

..Endometriosis输卵管肺部壁上皮细胞Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).腹腔输卵管肺部壁上皮细胞是输卵管复发的长期合并症，无特殊发挥，但可于实际上手术的瘢痕出口处见一局部肿物，并有周期适度的疼痛和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 所示12 ，剖宫产伤疤出口处输卵管肺部壁上皮细胞

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 腹腔血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可发生于心脏病适度咳嗽后、喷嚏或哮喘心脏病后，其根本原因有时候是抗凝治疗或出血适度疾病。由于血肿限制于腹直肌鞘内，有时候不极大，其形似根据所出口处位置而定，在皮膜中央线以上，血肿则有卵圆形，长轴呈上下方向，可于一侧见过（所示13A）；在皮膜中央线请注意，由于腹白中央线缺如，可拓展横过中中央线，因此血肿发挥为分心形，其最大长度座落横轴上。在产妇腹腔血肿可见于胃上横向拓展（所示13B、C）。术后弥散适度肺部内心血管的病人可于腹腔手术瘢痕附近见过大的血肿（所示13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 所示13A，一中年妇女更为严重咳嗽后腹直肌鞘血肿，箭头指示腹横脾脏。B，产妇腹腔血肿。C，一产妇胃静脉吸附出口处后面的腹腔血肿。UV，胃静脉。D，一弥散适度肺部内心血管的剖宫产术后病人脸颊出口处腹腔血肿。

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